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Faced with escalating tensions in the Middle East, delegations support rules-based international order and denounce Security Council inaction Empty Faced with escalating tensions in the Middle East, delegations support rules-based international order and denounce Security Council inaction

Post by claud39 Thu Jan 23, 2020 9:27 am

[size=36]Faced with escalating tensions in the Middle East, delegations support rules-based international order and denounce Security Council inaction[/size]


JANUARY 22, 2020



Faced with escalating tensions in the Middle East, delegations support rules-based international order and denounce Security Council inaction SC%20slide







We must exercise the utmost restraint and once again embark on the path of diplomacy and dialogue to reduce tensions in the Middle East. This was the unanimous observation made by delegations this morning on the second day of the Security Council's open debate on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question. 


Whether it is the Syrian Arab Republic, Yemen, Libya or the Palestinian question, it is the political solutions that have been put forward as the only way out of these crises, as opposed to the option military. To achieve this, the Middle East not only needs to see the application of international law strengthened, as the United Arab Emirates has emphasized, but also that foreign interference in different conflicts, such as the 'demanded in particular the League of Arab States. For some, this means a withdrawal of Turkish forces from northern Syria, as requested by the European Union, while for Iran, it is first of all a withdrawal of American forces which is essential to reason that their presence has always been a source of instability. Saudi Arabia and Bahrain have


Furthermore, the invocation, in recent months, of the right to self-defense - as provided for in Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations - as a legal basis to justify preventive military action has been considered worrying by Liechtenstein. Warning against an overly broad and unverified interpretation of this article, this delegation feared that this would weaken the rules-based international order. 


For Iran, international law has clearly been violated with an act of "state terrorism", the assassination by the United States of Qasem Soleimani, "a highly influential and respected Iranian political figure in the region". Iran has not hesitated to point the finger at the silence and inaction of the Security Council in the face of such cases of violation. Similar criticisms have been made of the Council on the Palestinian dossier because over the years, if not decades, it has been unable to implement its own resolutions, and in particular resolution 2334 (2016), as noted in particular the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries. Regarding the Syrian dossier, Liechtenstein noted that the Council has still not managed to prioritize the protection of the population, even if it succeeded last week,


Faced with this inaction by the Council, which Iran explained by "systematic protection" of the Israeli regime by the United States, who posed no less than 44 vetoes for this purpose, certain delegations turned to the International Criminal Court ( ICC) to get things done. Like the members of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People and of the League of Arab States, they welcomed the announcement by the ICC Prosecutor General of the opening of an investigation on allegations of war crimes committed by Israel in the West Bank, including in East Jerusalem, following an independent investigation. Such a procedure demonstrates, in their view, the importance of a rules-based international order. 


On a more positive note, the involvement of the international community in creating an environment conducive to peace was noted by welcoming Germany which has just convened the Berlin Conference on Libya. As Bahrain said, the final communiqué of this conference and its results are all steps in the right direction to achieve peace and stability in Libya, on the basis of the agreement signed in 2015 in Morocco.


THE SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST, INCLUDING THE PALESTINIAN QUESTION
declarations


SYED MOHAMAD HASRIN AIDID ( Malaysia ) said that the Palestinian question was intrinsically linked to respect for international law and the Charter of the United Nations. The Palestinians still live under brutal occupation and a repressive blockade, the delegate deplored, noting that they are deprived of the resources of their lands and that their movements are restricted. These sufferings are imposed by the occupier with impunity while the international community remains powerless, he was indignant. He condemned the illegal occupation of Jerusalem as well as the illegal settlements. Malaysia will open an accredited embassy for Palestine in Amman and will continue to support UNRWA, the representative said.


Aidid said the legitimate political process is the only solution to resolve this conflict and answer questions about the final status. He supported the two-state solution. Before concluding, he called for reviving the peace process and urged the Security Council to act, because it has "the moral responsibility to put an end to the immoral acts committed by Israel in the occupied territories".


Mr. FREDERICO SALOMÃO DUQUE ESTRADA MEYER ( Brazil ) called on the international community to work together to improve the lot of the people of the Middle East. Escalation must be avoided in Iraq, he asked. With regard to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Brazil advocates a positive and innovative solution and calls on the parties to create an environment conducive to a political solution with a view to achieving a just and comprehensive settlement. The constantly evolving dynamics on the ground require a clear response from the international community to ensure respect for international law, said the representative.


With regard to Syria, he condemned any attack on civil and humanitarian people and installations. Brazil supports the efforts of the Special Envoy, Mr. Geir Pedersen, and remains convinced that only a political process taken in hand by the Syrians, under the aegis of the United Nations, will be able to overcome this crisis. In Yemen, Brazil calls on the parties to fully respect the Stockholm Agreement and to continue their cooperation with the Special Envoy, Mr. Martin Griffiths, to advance the political process in the country. The representative recalled that Brazil had deployed military and police personnel to Yemen in the context of the Hodeida Agreement. Finally, with regard to Libya,


Mr. CHRISTIAN WENAWESER ( Liechtenstein) expressed concern at the mounting tension between the United States and Iran and called on all parties, directly or indirectly involved, to exercise the utmost restraint and to commit to using the route again diplomatic to reduce tensions. After recalling that the United Nations Charter provides clear rules for the use of force, he feared that recent developments would undermine proponents of international law. He noted in particular that, in recent months, the right to self-defense provided for in Article 51 of the Charter has been advanced as a legal basis to justify preventive military action, warning against an overly broad and unverified interpretation of Article 51. This can weaken the rules-based international order,


Also concerned about the precarious state of the Joint Global Action Plan, the representative welcomed the decision of the European signatories to trigger the dispute settlement mechanism. He also recalled that resolution 2231, still in force, remains binding on all States, with "a special responsibility for all members of the Security Council". Turning to the Syrian dossier, Wenaweser noted that recent discussions have shown that the Security Council has still failed to prioritize the protection of the Syrian people. However, he welcomed the commitment of the elected members of the Council to finding a minimum solution for the passage of cross-border aid as well as their demands for justice for the worst crimes committed in Syria. While the Council continues to ignore these views,


Finally, with regard to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the representative pleaded for the two-State solution on the basis of applicable international law. He said he closely follows the activities of the Prosecutor of the ICC whose preliminary examination of the situation in Palestine has concluded that all the criteria provided for by the Rome Statute are met for the opening of an investigation. Such a procedure demonstrates the importance of a rules-based international order, said the representative. 


M. MANSOUR AYYAD SH. A. ALOTAIBI ( Kuwait ) considered it unacceptable for the occupying force to pursue certain reprehensible practices without the Security Council taking action to change things. The 25-year-old Oslo Accord still remains a dead letter and Israel continues its policy of occupation and repression, he said, describing the plight of Palestinian families driven from their land while, from their On the other hand, the settlements continue to thrive. 


The occupying Power also tightened the blockade on Gaza and hundreds of martyrs have died since the launch of the Great Return March, Alotaibi said. He believed that the time had come for the Council to take appropriate action. Otherwise, it is another year of suffering for the Palestinians, he feared. Finally, he recalled the importance of the “Arab peace plan” in order to lead to the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state.


Mr. MUNIR AKRAM ( Pakistan ) stressed that regional rivalries have taken a new turn with the influence of foreign powers in the Middle East. We cannot afford to see a new conflict, he said. That is why the Prime Minister of Pakistan has taken the initiative to send his Minister of Foreign Affairs to Tehran and Washington to ease tensions. Pakistan, the delegate promised, will continue to be a partner for peace in the region. 


Regarding Syria, he welcomed the implementation of the Constitutional Commission. He also hoped that the Berlin Conference on Libya would be followed by concrete action. The representative also deplored the fact that the prospects for peace are becoming increasingly distant between Palestinians and Israelis. He called on the international community to continue promoting the idea of ​​the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state, evolving alongside Israel. 


Mr. ABDALLAH Y. AL-MOUALLIMI ( Saudi Arabia ) denounced the “Israeli maneuvers and policies” which seek to maintain the status quo, or even annex a large part of the West Bank, “which closes the door to the settlement of this conflict ". Israel promulgates laws and adopts anti-Palestinian policies, said the representative before reaffirming that for Saudi Arabia, the Palestinian cause is a central cause. Saudi Arabia will continue to defend the rights of the Palestinians until a two-state solution is reached, with East Jerusalem as its capital and based on the Arab Peace Initiative. It denounces the illegality of the Israeli settlements, which it believes constitute a major obstacle to peace.


The Saudi delegation rejected foreign interference in the Libyan conflict, saying it contributed to the military escalation and added to the suffering of the Libyans. She urged the Libyan parties to exercise restraint and protect the unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of Libya. With regard to Syria, the representative called for appeasement and said he hoped that the Constitutional Commission would contribute to it. He also called for the exit of all foreign militias from Syrian territory. He recalled that Saudi Arabia has always called for restraint and for dialogue. In particular, the country showed the greatest restraint when Aramco's facilities were targeted by a terrorist attack claimed by Houthi militias, he gave as an example.


Turning to Iraq, he expressed concern over escalating tensions there and called on all parties to exercise restraint, as the current situation may have repercussions beyond Iraq's borders, he said. the representative. With regard to Yemen, the representative recalled that the implementation of the Riyadh Agreement has entered its second phase, but regretted that the Houthi militias, "supported by Iran", continue to carry out terrorist attacks who deliberately undermine the political solution. In conclusion, the representative urged the Security Council to strengthen its role in the prevention of conflicts in the Middle East.


Mr. FERIDUN HADI SINIRLIOĞLU ( Turkey) considered that the situation in the Middle East remains a source of great concern and regretted that, despite international calls, the expansion of Israel's illegal settlements continues, as do the demolitions of Palestinian homes. In his view, this represents a negation of the Palestinians' right to development. The pursuit of Israeli policies only increases the feeling of injustice and the anger of the Palestinians, he denounced. Regarding the financial crisis at UNRWA, he warned of the impact of a potential decline in the services provided by the Agency and called for providing funds on a more stable basis. Turkey remains committed to the two-state solution, he added regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.


As for Syria, he deplored the massive displacement of people in Edleb, following the military offensives, to which are added very harsh winter conditions. For Turkey, the argument against terrorism is unacceptable in the de-escalation zone. The representative assured that his country will remain engaged to help advance the political process in Syria.


Mr. ISHIKANE KIMIHIRO ( Japan ) said that the start of a new conflict in the Gulf could have disastrous consequences. We must therefore continue to encourage all parties to seek a solution through negotiations, he recommended. Japan intends to continue its diplomatic efforts to this end, assured the representative, noting that the peace process in the Middle East remains a priority for the international community. Without a solution to this issue, lasting peace and stability in the region cannot take place, he warned. 


The delegate deplored the expansion of settlements and the demolition of Palestinian structures, before calling on the Government of Israel to end settlement activities in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including its construction projects which undermine the possibility of the two-state solution. Mr. Ishikane also condemned the terrorist attacks on the innocent, including by rocket fire. He invited the two sides to promote confidence-building measures. In this context, Japan intends to invite, at the end of the month, 10 young people from both sides in order to support the establishment of such measures between them, hoping that they will be able to pave the way towards peace and security by offering l hope for future generations.


The representative concluded by stressing that "every three months we repeat the same depressing speeches at the Security Council". He said he hoped that positive steps would be taken in the coming months, including the holding of the Palestinian general elections. 


Ms ADELA RAZ, Vice-Chairperson of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People, considered that the geopolitical tensions and the increased unrest in the region remind everyone that peace must never be taken for granted and that it must be preserved and sustained. "We must defend and apply the values ​​enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations," she added before stressing the need for the debate on the Palestinian question which is likely to be obscured, even obliterated, by the current troubles. Ms. Raz saw the absence of an answer to the Palestinian question as "serious neglect of our collective duty under the Charter and a threat to peace and security in the region and beyond". She denounced in particular the continued illegal occupation of the Palestinian territory and the worsening situation on the ground,
 
The Vice-Chairperson of the Committee reiterated that Israeli settlements in the occupied areas are illegal under international law, as stated in Security Council resolution 2334 (2016), calling on Israel to immediately and completely stop construction and expansion of settlements. She also warned that the tensions caused by the attacks by the Israeli occupation forces against the faithful on the esplanade of the Al-Aqsa mosque threaten to further destabilize the situation. "The Committee urges Israel, the occupying Power, to respect all of its obligations under international law and to refrain from any action that jeopardizes an already fragile status quo. "


Welcoming the extension of the mandate of UNRWA until 2023, by "an overwhelming majority vote", Ms. Raz underlined the unwavering support of the international community for the Office and the indispensable action of it to help 5.5 million Palestine refugees. It requested Member States to provide UNRWA with the reliable and sustainable funding it needs. It also noted that the General Assembly had adopted, "with a comfortable majority", all the resolutions on the question of Palestine in December: that on the mandate of the Committee and that on the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination the support of more than 90% of the Members of the United Nations. This testifies that these resolutions are strongly anchored in the Charter of the United Nations, international law and human rights, according to Ms. Raz.


Ms. Raz also welcomed the announcement by the Prosecutor General of the ICC of the opening of an investigation into allegations of war crimes committed in the West Bank, including in East Jerusalem, following an independent investigation. She also drew attention to the humanitarian situation of the two million Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip where humanitarian action is "an absolute emergency". In this regard, she demanded the lifting of the blockade that Israel has imposed on Gaza for 12 years. The Vice-Chairperson of the Committee also reaffirmed the support of the Committee for the reconciliation process led by Egypt and other countries, before expressing her support for the holding of general elections in the State of Palestine, including included in East Jerusalem. She concluded by calling on the Security Council to assume its responsibilities,


According to Mr. MOHAMED FATHI AHMED EDREES ( Egypt ), this meeting of the Security Council adds to the hundreds already organized on the same subject. "How long will the Palestinian people wait? He asked. He said there was no point in continuing to hold monthly meetings on the Palestinian issue just to take stock of developments on the ground. There can be no lasting solution until the Palestinian people enjoy their rights and all the territories occupied in 1967 are liberated, he argued.


The representative then noted that the Middle East witnessed the interference of outside actors. He also deplored the fact that actors in the Gulf have targeted civilian structures. Edrees said states should avoid supporting armed groups and militias. We must therefore adopt confidence-building measures in the region to avoid escalation. The representative also deplored the deterioration of the situation in Libya, decrying the violation of the arms embargo, which contributes to threatening the stability of other countries, especially in the Sahel. After the Berlin Conference, Egypt said it supported all initiatives aimed at contributing to peace in Libya. 


FRANCISCO DUARTE LOPES ( Portugal ), on behalf of the European Union (EU), reaffirmed its commitment to the two-State solution; the goal is to achieve a viable State of Israel and a State of Palestine, living side by side in peace and security. But, he said, the peace process in the Middle East is still stalled, while political uncertainty reigns in Israel and the occupied territories. He warned that the pursuit of the policy of settlements in recent months, especially in extremely sensitive places, constitutes an obstacle to peace and calls into question the solution of the two states. Any annexation of territory would also be a "serious" violation of international law, he also warned, condemning in the process, the demolition of Palestinian property.


For it to be viable, he said, the two-state solution must be supported by strong Palestinian institutions and a strong Palestinian government, accountable for its actions and legitimate. 
Therefore, said the representative, the European Union requests that a date be set for the holding of elections in the West Bank, East Jerusalem and Gaza and that all the Palestinian factions commit themselves to this end. The representative did not fail to denounce the increase in the number of acts of violence committed by Israeli settlers and asked Israel to bring them to justice. The European Union opposes in principle, and whoever the perpetrators, against all forms of terrorism and similarly rejects all forms of incitement to hatred because they are incompatible with the solution of the two States.


One of the fundamental parameters of peace in the Middle East remains, said the representative, a just solution to the question of the Palestinian refugees. In the meantime, it is essential that UNRWA continue to offer them its services and protection. Without a renewed effort in favor of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, the situation is likely to deteriorate further, he warned, stressing the centrality of this conflict in the Middle East. The European Union, he said, was ready to work with all parties to advance the prospects for lasting peace.


Regarding the situation in Syria, the representative noted the fragility of the situation, including the escalation of violence in the northwest. The presence of terrorist groups, he warned, cannot justify indiscriminate strikes. He therefore called on the Syrian regime to respect international humanitarian law and to spare the civilian population. 
He also asked Turkey to withdraw its forces, prioritizing the diplomatic process to address Turkish security concerns. In Syria, the representative stressed, there is a need for a comprehensive and inclusive solution. He therefore denounced the preconditions that the regime had set for the Constitutional Commission when it could serve as a springboard for a political process. There was no, said the representative, a military solution to the Syrian crisis. While welcoming the renewal of the cross-border aid mechanism's mandate, he regretted the closure of the Yaroubiyé crossing point. He concluded on the need to fight impunity in Syria and on the need to ensure the return of refugees in safe and dignified conditions, which are still non-existent. 
The European Union, he reiterated, will not provide any development aid in areas where people's rights are trampled on. She will remain alongside the Special Envoy to unblock the political process in Syria. which are still non-existent. The European Union, he reiterated, will not provide any development aid in areas where people's rights are trampled on. She will remain alongside the Special Envoy to unblock the political process in Syria. which are still non-existent. The European Union, he reiterated, will not provide any development aid in areas where people's rights are trampled on. She will remain alongside the Special Envoy to unblock the political process in Syria.


On behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement , Mr. TOFIG MUSAYEV ( Azerbaijan) became impatient at the lack of progress on the Israeli-Palestinian issue during 2019. He reaffirmed the solidarity of the League with the Palestinian people. The solution is known by everyone and we cannot impose anything unilaterally, forcefully and unfairly. It is up to the Security Council to defend respect for the Charter and to ensure that its own resolutions are respected, said the representative who pointed to the inability of the same Council to carry out its mandate. We expect the Council, he explained, to hold Israel accountable for its actions. The absence of justice can only reinforce impunity, further destabilize the situation on the ground and destroy any prospect of peace. 


The representative denounced the intransigence of Israel, its illegal policies and measures. He called for full compliance with Security Council resolution 2334 which sets the parameters for reaching a two-state solution. Israel, he insisted, must immediately put an end to its attempts to change the demographic character, the identity and the legal status of the occupied territories and the holy places. Israel, the representative added, must withdraw from the occupied Syrian Golan, in accordance with resolution 497 (1981). He took this opportunity to condemn the US President's statement that the "Golan Heights are part of Israel". Pending a solution, the representative concluded, humanitarian and socio-economic assistance must be provided to the Palestinian people, including the refugees. In this context,


Mrs. GERALDINE BYRNE NASON ( Ireland) stressed that the two-state solution will benefit both Israelis and Palestinians, while making a significant contribution to peace and stability throughout the Middle East. Three years after the adoption of resolution 2334 (2016), she noted, no progress is visible on the ground, quite the contrary. She denounced the annexation of territories and the expansion of settlements, not to mention the blockade of Gaza. She also denounced the hundreds of deaths among civilians and the thousands of others injured, attributable to both sides. Ms. Byrne Nason recalled that last December, his Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs visited Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory to reiterate to the leaders the readiness of Ireland to support initiatives linked to the two-state solution.
 The representative considered, in this context, that the Palestinian general elections could be a crucial step towards intra-Palestinian reconciliation. With regard to the situation in Syria, she demanded that the perpetrators of violations of international law be brought to justice, and, if necessary, before the ICC. She concluded by welcoming the results of the Berlin Conference on Libya. With regard to the situation in Syria, she demanded that the perpetrators of violations of international law be brought to justice, and, if necessary, before the ICC. She concluded by welcoming the results of the Berlin Conference on Libya. With regard to the situation in Syria, she demanded that the perpetrators of violations of international law be brought to justice, and, if necessary, before the ICC. She concluded by welcoming the results of the Berlin Conference on Libya. 


Archbishop FREDRIK HANSEN, Observer for the Holy See, taking up the words of Pope Francis, stressed that it is of the utmost importance that the support and commitment of the international community keep the flame of dialogue alive and that the problems be dealt with through a holistic approach. A sustained and effective commitment, added Pope Francis, is necessary to tear the veil of silence that risks falling on the war in Syria. Silence and indifference, the Pope also stressed, risk aggravating the conflict in Yemen characterized by one of the most serious humanitarian crises in recent history. Insisting on the vocation of the Holy City of Jerusalem as a “city of peace”, Pope Francis also insisted on the urgent need for the entire international community to reaffirm, "With courage and sincerity" and in accordance with international law, its commitment to support the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. What the Pope said about Israel and Palestine, Archbishop Hansen noted, also applies to the entire region, if not the whole world, on the eve of the United Nations' seventy-fifth anniversary. 


On behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC ), Ms RABAB FATIMA ( Bangladesh) demanded concrete action from the international community in response to the actions of Israel, which continues to violate international law and Security Council resolutions, including resolution 2334 (2016). These acts, she warned, undermine the prospect of a two-state solution, a vision in line with relevant UN resolutions and the Arab Peace Initiative. The representative welcomed, in this context, the ICC's decision to open an investigation into the crimes committed by Israel against the Palestinian people. In the meantime, she called on all Member States to increase their contributions to UNRWA, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and other United Nations entities that provide assistance to the Palestinians. The representative took the opportunity to strongly condemn the plan to integrate UNRWA schools in East Jerusalem into the Israeli education system. Ms. Fatima also called on all external actors to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Syria, while recalling OIC support for a political solution to the crisis, under resolution 2254 (2015) of Security Council. 


At the national level, she admitted her concern at the decrease in the budget of UNRWA, in a context where the humanitarian needs of the Palestinians are constantly increasing. It requested the international community to provide predictable and sustainable funding to the Office. The experience of our struggle for independence and the genocide of 1971 predisposes us to place ourselves on the side of the oppressed, explained the representative. 


Mr. MAGED ABDELFATTAH ABDELAZIZ, League of Arab States, recalled that the Middle East is facing, at the start of this year, one of its worst crises, aggravated by a crisis of international legitimacy and exacerbated every day by the Palestinian crisis. The Palestinian people no longer see any credibility with their Israeli partner and the unilateral positions of the United States only aggravate this feeling. Notwithstanding these obstacles to a lasting and comprehensive peace, the Palestinian authorities continue to move forward to lay the foundations of a State, in particular by strengthening institutions and promoting its eligibility to become a full member of the United Nations. The League, the representative stressed, calls for the immediate respect of Security Council resolution 2334 and the recognition of the State of Palestine. It also calls on the ICC to open an investigation into violations by Israel of international law and international humanitarian law. The ICC Prosecutor, said the representative, also considered that the conditions for such an investigation are met.


The region is in need of de-escalation more than ever, the observer said, and that begins with the end of outside interference. These interferences, he explained, are not limited to military operations in Iraq. We are indeed witnessing the same phenomenon in Libya. The League, said the representative, is working alongside the United Nations and the African Union for a peaceful settlement of the Libyan crisis. It also rejects military aggression in northern Syria and calls for the withdrawal of the aggressors, including from the buffer zones. The League, on the other hand, congratulates Sudan and Algeria for their peaceful transformation in response to the demands of the people. She calls on the United Nations and the Security Council to work towards de-escalation in the Middle East,


CATHERINE IMAJI UDIDA ( Nigeria ) said that the international community should focus on efforts to revive the peace talks between the Israelis and the Palestinians. It called on Israel to stop all settlement activities in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and on Palestinian leaders to demonstrate their willingness to return to the negotiating table. The delegate called on the Security Council not to disappoint the Palestinians who demand the exercise of their right to self-determination. She hoped that this year the debate would give rise to concrete proposals to meet the challenges of the implementation of UN resolutions.


M. OSCAR LEON GONZÁLEZ ( Cuba) accused the Security Council of remaining silent as Israel continues its policy of annexation of the Palestinian territories. The representative attributed the Council's impasse to the United States position and took the opportunity to confirm his country's support for the entry of Palestine as a full member of the United Nations. Washington's aggressive and unwarranted measures in the Middle East, he said, are causing a dangerous escalation in the region. The representative immediately rejected the so-called “deal of the century” drawn up by the United States government, without taking into account the two-state solution. He once again condemned as "serious violations of international law" the fact that the United States recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and the occupied Syrian Golan as Israeli territory.


For Ms. AMEIRAH OBAID MOHAMED OBAID ALHEFEITI ( United Arab Emirates ), there are today opportunities to bring calm and de-escalation to the Middle East. To do this, it is imperative that the countries of the region but also the international community commit to respecting the Charter of the United Nations and the relevant Security Council resolutions. We regret in this regard, admitted the representative, the repeated violations by Israel of these resolutions and of international law, as witnessed by the expansion of illegal settlements, the demolition of Palestinian property and the blockade of Gaza.


Our region needs to see respect for international law strengthened, insisted the representative for whom it is necessary to achieve appeasement, by acting on the political aspect. The international community must create an environment conducive to peace, said the representative, welcoming the efforts of Germany which has just convened the Berlin Conference on Libya. We must focus on political solutions, whether in Syria, Yemen or Libya. As such, the United Nations has a leadership role to play, said the representative. But, she warned, the UN must rely on regional organizations. The Palestinian question remains the central question of "the Islamic Umma", concluded the representative, insisting on the solution of the two States.


We are starting this year as we started the previous one, sorry Mme FARZANA ZAHIR ( Maldives). We are still concerned about the violations of the rights of the Palestinian people and we have the same apprehensions regarding the achievement of peace in the Middle East. The Security Council can and must do better to resolve this long conflict, said the representative impatiently. It is clear, she said, that the only solution to this old conflict is the creation of an independent Palestinian state, with East Jerusalem as its capital, within the 1967 borders and living in peace with Israel. The Security Council, she insisted, must do more to uphold all its resolutions and decisions. If we fail to honor our obligations, we will not be able to ensure the peaceful resolution of conflicts, she warned. 


On behalf of the Group of Arab Countries , Mr. HOSNI MUSTAFA ( Sudan) became impatient with the non-implementation of the resolutions on the question of Palestine, which has a negative impact on the stability of a region already plagued by severe turbulence. The representative reaffirmed his group's commitment to the right to self-determination of the Palestinian people and to the two-State solution, "the only viable solution rooted in international law and in Security Council resolutions". The resolutions of this Council, he insisted, are legally binding. 
The lack of justice, he also warned, gives victory to impunity, at the risk of further worsening the situation on the ground. The representative therefore called for the blockade of Gaza to be lifted and demanded that Israel refrain from any further measures aimed at changing the demographic character and identity of East Jerusalem and the status of the holy places in Jerusalem. He also demanded that Israel withdraw from the occupied Syrian Golan and that the Security Council condemn the Israeli unilateral provocations and measures. Before concluding, the representative welcomed the fact that the mandate of UNRWA had been renewed until June 2023. 


Ms ALYA AHMED SAIF AL-THANI ( Qatar) recalled that the Security Council has just held a debate on respect for the Charter when the occupation by Israel of the Arab territories, of which it speaks today, is an outright violation of this founding text. Qatar, she said, continues to fund development and humanitarian projects for the Palestinians. Turning to the situation in Syria, she pleaded for a political solution to realize the aspirations of the Syrian people. She did not fail to condemn the attacks of the rebel groups against the legitimate Government in Libya, and with regard to Yemen, she said to privilege, here too, the dialogue and the political solution, in the respect of international law. The representative did not fail to rebel against the unilateral blockade imposed on her country for two years, in violation of international law and the principles of the Charter. This dispute must be resolved through mediation. 


Mr. OMAR KADIRI ( Morocco ) stressed the need to end the Israeli colonization: East Jerusalem has been occupied since 1967 and must be the capital of the future Palestinian state. The representative also wanted to preserve the status of Jerusalem, a multi-faith city and a world heritage site. The role of guarantor of the King of Jordan on the sacred sites of the city must be preserved, he insisted. He invited the parties to resume negotiations, on the basis of confidence, for the two-state solution. 


For Mr. MAJID TAKHT RAVANCHI ( Islamic Republic of Iran), it is entirely appropriate to question the reasons why the Security Council is unable to settle the longest conflict in the world: the Palestinian question. He noted that the Council had been unable to defend the human rights of millions of oppressed Palestinians at home and abroad, or to confront an occupation regime that had repeatedly committed the four main crimes International. For him, the answer is clear: the United States, by violating the fundamental norms and principles of international law and in defiance of international standards of conduct, moral principles and humanity and by abusing its status as a permanent member of the Security Council, continue to systematically protect the Israeli regime.


However, the United States has engaged in other destabilizing activities in the Middle East, he continued to criticize its "intrinsic animosity" against the Muslim nations of this region. Iran illustrated "American military adventures in the region" by speaking of the recent assassination of the "martyr" Qasem Soleimani and his companions at Baghdad International Airport. This assassination, said the representative, is an act of state terrorism which must engage the international responsibility of the United States. He categorically rejected "American inventions" advanced to justify this hate crime, the United States having accused Soleimani of planning attacks against American targets in the region. Yet the United States knows the role played by Mr. Soleimani in the fight against ISIL in Iraq and Syria, indignant the representative, before recalling that the victim was a highly influential political figure and respected in the region for his contributions to stability. 
For Iran, there is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative. This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". the representative was indignant, before recalling that the victim was a highly influential political figure and respected in the region for his contributions to stability. For Iran, there is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. 
His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative. This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". the representative was indignant, before recalling that the victim was a highly influential political figure and respected in the region for his contributions to stability. For Iran, there is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative.
 This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". before recalling that the victim was a highly influential political figure and respected in the region for his contributions to stability. For Iran, there is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. 
His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative. This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". before recalling that the victim was a highly influential political figure and respected in the region for his contributions to stability.
 For Iran, there is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative. This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". There is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative. 
This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". There is no doubt that his assassination was clearly aimed at stoking tensions in the region. His death is "a real American gift to terrorist groups in the region," said the representative. 
This American adventurism testifies to a fact, according to him: "after this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". "After this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood". "After this cowardly assassination, the region is less secure and less stable". He concluded that the best way to achieve peace and security in the region is the withdrawal of American forces from the region, since "these forces have always been a source of instability in our neighborhood".


The representative called on the Security Council to resolve the crisis of confidence, legitimacy and credibility that it is experiencing, which he believes is the result of its inaction in the face of clear cases of violation of international law, such as its silence following this assassination proves it. To remedy the mistakes of the past in the Middle East, Iran calls on the Council to honor its responsibilities and to ensure that any illegal policies by the United States and Israel in the region are avoided. He asks him to remain vigilant so as not to allow Israel to abuse debates in this forum when he accuses other countries, like Iran, of a series of lies which do not deserve an answer, while passing completely in silence the question of Palestine which is however the subject of this meeting.


HELENA DEL CARMEN YÁNEZ LOZA ( Ecuador ) said that the Palestinian question had always been a source of concern for her country. It reaffirmed the validity of resolution 2334, regretting its lack of application on the ground. In this regard, the representative denounced the demolition and seizure by Israel of 234 Palestinian structures as well as the further expansion of the illegal settlements. She also deplored the many deaths among Palestinian civilians at the hands of the Israeli forces during the year 2019.


Both parties must act in accordance with international law and refrain from provocation and incitement to hatred, argued the representative. It also encouraged the parties to redouble their efforts to achieve a just and lasting peace. Ecuador, she added, urges the Security Council to act to uphold its resolutions on the Palestinian question. Political solutions are needed, she said, appealing to the international community for tangible progress to be made on the basis of the two-state solution. 


Mr. RODRIGO A. CARAZO ( Costa Rica ) called for a political solution to the long Israeli-Palestinian conflict to be found. The lack of international consensus only exacerbates the complexity of the dispute, he noted. The representative also noted that peace is built on dialogue and international solidarity. For him, the madness would be to repeat the same mistakes over and over again and to expect different results. Costa Rica calls for a peaceful solution that is legally binding on all, he concluded. 


MARC-ANDRÉ BLANCHARD ( Canada ) underlined that this debate takes place at the same time as the commemoration of the events of the Second World War, including the death of six million Jews during the Holocaust, is taking place. He invited delegations to look to the past as we see the rise of anti-Semitism around the world.


The delegate then spoke about the tragedy of flight 752 which was struck by a missile over Tehran, causing the death of 176 people, including 57 Canadians. His government will not let this tragedy pass without obtaining the justice from Iran that these victims deserve, he promised before indicating that Canada is working with the other affected countries to ensure a serious and credible investigation, followed by the surrender of justice, with compensation. In this regard, he recalled the words of Prime Minister Trudeau, who believes that if there had been no tension in the region, these Canadians would be at home with their families at the moment.


In Iraq, Canada is engaged in development activities, in humanitarian aid, as well as in the military and diplomatic spheres, the representative continued. Canada intervenes, for example, within the framework of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to provide training for the Iraqi armed forces. With regard to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Mr. Blanchard reiterated Canada's commitment to the two-state solution, calling for direct talks between the two parties. He concluded by recalling that millions of Canadians are from this region, people who have contributed to the social fabric of the country, including the approximately 60,000 Syrian refugees who have arrived in Canada since 2016 and who are becoming citizens of their country. Home.


For Mr. HATEM ABDULHAMEED MOHAMED SHARIF HATEM ( Bahrain), peace and stability in the Middle East require political will, concerted action and an enabling environment. To do this, he asked for an end to foreign interference in the region. He also supported the two-state solution in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. For Yemen, he spoke of the recent attack on a mosque to underline that the terrorist acts committed by the Houthi militias, with the support of Iran, hamper a political settlement. On the Libyan issue, he welcomed the final communiqué of the Berlin Conference on Libya, saying that these results are all steps in the right direction to achieve peace and stability in this country, based on the agreement signed in 2015 in Morocco. In conclusion,


Mr. SATYAJIT ARJUNA RODRIGO ( Sri Lanka) highlighted the fragile situation in the Middle East in a context of escalating tensions. He called for more diplomacy and more dialogue in order to achieve appeasement. With regard to the question of Palestine, the representative denounced the repeated violations by Israel of international law. Given the dire situation in Gaza, he called for the blockade to be lifted. Sri Lanka calls for the implementation of all relevant Security Council resolutions on this issue and encourages confidence-building measures to that effect, added the representative. He also stated that he remains committed to the creation of a sovereign and independent State of Palestine. Emphasizing that humanitarian and socio-economic assistance to the Palestinians is commendable,


Ms. AMAL MUDALLALI ( Lebanon ) stressed that there has been a violation of the Charter of the United Nations and its principles in the Middle East. As proof, the situation of Palestinians living in total despair, according to UN reports. According to her, the possibility of an equitable solution to the conflict has been "dismantled" by Israel's unilateral actions, as is the case with the annexations which undermine the prospect of a two-state solution. She argued for a different future, saying that the status quo is no longer tenable. 


Mudallali said a new government was formed last night in Lebanon by Prime Minister Hassan Diab after three months of political crisis and a wave of protests like the country had never experienced before. This government nicknamed "government of salvation" intends to get the country out of this period of crisis and it counts on the support of the friends of Lebanon, she said, adding that the stability of Lebanon is important for the whole region. She said the situation in the south of the country remains calm, even though the Lebanese defense forces listed no less than 2,620 violations of the country's territorial integrity in 2019. She explained that these violations perpetuate tensions in the country. southern Lebanon, those committed by air being particularly traumatic for people on a daily basis. In view of the current situation in the Middle East, the representative called on the Security Council and the international community for unity around the idea, launched yesterday by the German representative, that "international law is not a la carte menu ”. Thus, the Council must ensure the implementation of its resolutions on Palestine as on Lebanon and other areas of the Middle East, in order to make the region know justice and peace, concluded the representative.


Mr. BEN BOURGEL ( Israel ) spoke again after the intervention of his delegation yesterday. He reacted to comments by some speakers who deplored the fact that his country had not raised the conflict with Palestine. He therefore recalled that the theme of the debate was "The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question". As a result, his delegation, like the others, chose the topics that suited him from the range of issues relating to the Middle East. He recalled that Iran's activities are a threat to peace and stability in the region, stressing that Iran regularly calls for the destruction of Israel, a state that has been a member of the United Nations since 1949. 

MIDDLE EAST





https://www.un.org/press/fr/2020/cs14086.doc.htm
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