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Chinese yuan on track to be included in IMF basket -HSBC

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Chinese yuan on track to be included in IMF basket -HSBC Empty Chinese yuan on track to be included in IMF basket -HSBC

Post by RamblerNash Tue Oct 20, 2015 11:05 pm

Chinese yuan on track to be included in IMF basket -HSBC

LONDON  |  By Patrick Graham

Oct 20 China's yuan "ticks all the right boxes" for inclusion in the International Monetary Fund's SDR list of global reserve currencies, the biggest international bank in China, HSBC, said in a report on Tuesday.

The report by the bank's chief strategist Paul Mackel comes ahead of discussions within the Fund next month on whether to include the yuan, or renminbi, in the basket behind the Special Drawing Rights, a virtual currency that values IMF reserves and emergency payouts to members.

Britain and other members of the Group of 20 leading economies are jostling for position as financial partners for China and have made positive noises about the inclusion of the yuan, which bankers say would be a turning point for trading of the currency.

Japan has been more cautious, but U.S. Treasury Secretary Jack Lew, who sounded sceptical earlier this year, last month voiced an openness to "a positive review", as long as China carried out promised reforms.

Beijing has made steady progress on moves to widen the yuan's use internationally. Sources told Reuters earlier this week that Beijing would soon extend trading of the yuan in China to overlap with European trading hours, encouraging more use of the yuan and supporting its case with the IMF.

"Some of the recent reforms are well-timed to support the RMB's bid for inclusion in the IMF's Special Drawing Right (SDR) basket," Mackel said.

"Others set the stage for the RMB to play a more important global role over the longer term. (...) The RMB is ticking all the right boxes to be included in the IMF's Special Drawing Right."

After China's roughly 3 percent devaluation of the yuan in early August sent a shockwave through global financial markets, however, he cautioned on the outlook for the currency's value in the near term. There might be a small boost for the yuan from inclusion in the SDR basket, but a decision not to might more clearly weaken the currency.

"Confidence in the RMB and, hence, voluntary reserve diversification flows into China could rise with the endorsement of SDR inclusion," Mackel said. "But this process has already been taking place. RMB inclusion is likely to be neutral to positive, but the converse is very likely to be negative." (Reporting By Jemima Kelly; Editing by Raissa Kasolowsky)



http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/20/global-forex-renminbi-idUSL8N12K29X20151020

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Chinese yuan on track to be included in IMF basket -HSBC Empty Re: Chinese yuan on track to be included in IMF basket -HSBC

Post by Kevind53 Wed Oct 21, 2015 10:53 am

The one thing holding back China’s yuan

COMMENTARY by  Jerry Nickelsburg

October 19, 2015, 8:00 PM EDT

While China may be the world’s second largest economy, the future of the yuan playing a bigger role in international markets is clouded by politics.

Earlier this fall, the IMF postponed a scheduled update of the designated basket of reserve currencies, a basket that is used by member countries for Special Drawing Rights (SDR). Though SDR’s, a form of borrowing for purposes of currency stabilization, are part of the arcane mechanism of international currency transactions, this was big news. It was seen as a rebuff of China in the wake of last summer’s intervention in the Shanghai Stock Exchange and devaluation of the Chinese Yuan. However, being a reserve currency is both more and less than meets the eye. The more is the political struggle between Chinese ascendency in the world economy and US dominance in international organizations. The less is the relatively minor role that the yuan as an IMF-designated reserve currency would play in the world economy.

The ostensible reason for the IMF inaction was to “ensure the smooth functioning of SDR-related operations,” and to respond to SDR users feedback on the timing of any changes. This is a bit disingenuous as a continuation of the current four currencies; the US dollar, Japanese Yen, Euro, and UK Pound Sterling, would not have caused disruption. Clearly it is all about the yuan. At a time when the yuan’s value and liquidity were uncertain, a postponement until the dust settled was prudent.

The IMF ostensibly has an objective process for being designated a reserve currency. The first criterion is based on the volume of international transactions cleared in the currency. The IMF specifies that currencies qualifying are those “issued by members or currency unions that play a central role in the global economy.” The yuan is fourth among currencies used in transactions at 2.8% (August 2015). Thus, there is no doubt on this basis it qualifies.

The second is that currencies must be “freely usable.” While there are clarifying statements in the IMF Charter, they are subject to interpretation. Herein is the crux of the debate. To be part of the market basket of currencies, each currency has to be useful to those who borrow SDR’s to stabilize fluctuations in their own currency. A country with a fixed, managed float or freely floating exchange rate may qualify as may one with limited capital controls. It is clear that some currencies do not meet the definition, but the dividing line between those that are “freely usable” and those that are not is fuzzy at best.

This is a difficult nut to crack objectively because the designation of “reserve currency,” changes the demand for that currency. As well, not being a reserve currency might be a disincentive for holding the same currency. One can argue whether the data on the current and future demand for the yuan as a useful currency for members’ foreign exchange portfolios support inclusion or not, but in the end the discussion is based on political perspective as much as economic evidence.

The consequence of designating the yuan as a reserve currency if in fact it does not ex-post meet the criteria of “freely usable” is that once in, removal is difficult. If countries do not want to hold the yuan due to concerns about its liquidity or concerns about its future value, then its presence in the basket of currencies (one has to take the entire basket) will make SDR’s a less efficient mechanism for providing liquidity in the event of an exchange crisis. However, the yuan’s percentage of the basket will be relatively small and this efficiency cost might be negligible.

In December, the IMF will make a leap of faith and decide that either because China has trading relations with most countries, has a large economy, and is a major trading economy, having the Chinese yuan as a small part of the basket would be a good thing, or that the conditions are not yet ripe for the yuan to be in the SDR basket of reserve currencies. Either choice currently has political implications, and as the Chinese-sponsored Asian Insfrastructure Investment Bank demonstrated, implications for the institutional framework for international exchange.

Alternatively, the IMF could cut the Gordian Knot with a mechanism to decide changes in the basket of currencies by having an SDR1, which maintains the old basket, perhaps with changes in the percentages based on some criteria, and an SDR2, which includes some new currency(ies). The first SDR2 basket would contain the yuan. These baskets can run parallel for a set period of time. Based on the preferences of countries using SDR’s, SDR2 would, if better than SDR1, replace SDR1 de facto.

At the next periodic evaluation, the more popular of SDR1 and SDR2 would then become SDR1 and the environment of the day would determine if a new SDR2 be created. Such a mechanism would take the politics out of reserve currency determination and let the market decide the basket. The current geopolitical maneuvering to enhance or diminish the prestige and economic power of one country in favor of another would not enter the equation. The IMF ought to be as apolitical as possible, and a reform of the SDR is an obvious step in that direction.

Jerry Nickelsburg is an adjunct professor of economics at UCLA’s Anderson School of Management.

http://fortune.com/2015/10/19/china-yuan-reserve-currency/

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